Description: Colorless crystals or white crystalline powder.
Solubility: Freely soluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol.
Assay: Content not less than 99% and not more than 100.5% of NH4Cl calculated on
dry basis.
Clarity and color of solution: A 10% w/w solution is clear & colorless.
pH of 5% solution: 4.5 to 6.0.
Arsenic: 4 ppm maximum
Heavy Metals: 10 ppm maximum
Magnesium & alkali salts: 1% maximum
Iron: 20 ppm maximum
Sulfate: 150 ppm maximum
Sulfated ash: 0.1% maximum
Calcium: 200 ppm maximum
Thiocyanate: To pass the test
Loss on drying @105C: 1% maximum.
NH4Cl
Ammonium Chloride USP
DEFINITION
Content or Assay
99.0 per cent to 100.5 per cent (On dried substance basis).
CHARACTERS
Appearance
White or almost white, crystalline powder or colourless crystals.
Solubility
Freely soluble in water.
IDENTIFICATION
A. It gives the reactions of chlorides.
B. 10 ml of solution gives the reaction of
ammonium salts.
TESTS
Solution S
A 10% solution:
Appearance of solution: Solution is clear and colourless.
Acidity or alkalinity: To 10 ml of solution S add 0.05 ml of methyl red solution.
Not more than 0.5 ml of 0.01 M hydrochloric acid or 0.01 M sodium hydroxide is required
to change the colour of the indicator.
Bromides and iodides: To 10 ml of solution S add 0.1 ml of dilute hydrochloric
acid R and 0.05 ml of chloramine solution. After 1 min, add 2 ml of chloroform R and
shake vigorously. The chloroform layer remains colourless.
Sulphates: Maximum 150 ppm.
Calcium: Maximum 200 ppm.
Iron: Maximum 20 ppm.
Heavy metals: Maximum 10 ppm.
Loss on drying: Maximum 1.0 per cent, determined on 1.00 g by drying in an oven
at 105 °C for 2 h.
Sulphated ash: Maximum 0.1 per cent, determined on 2.0 g.
NH4Cl 53.49
Ammonium Chloride BP
Assay— Ammonium Chloride contains not less than 99.5 percent and not more than
100.5 percent of NH4Cl, calculated on the dried basis.
Packaging and storage— Preserve in tight containers.
Identification— A solution (1 in 10) responds to the tests for Ammonium and for
Chloride
pH: between 4.6 and 6.0, in a solution (1 in 20).
Loss on drying— Dry it over silica gel for 4 hours: it loses not more than 0.5%
of its weight.
Residue on ignition— Add 1 mL of sulfuric acid to about 2 g, accurately weighed,
and heat the mixture gently until volatilization is complete: the residue is white, and
when ignited, not more than 0.1% of nonvolatile substance remains.
Limit of thiocyanate Acidify 10 mL of a solution (1 in 10) with hydrochloric
acid, and add a few drops of ferric chloride TS: no orange-red color is produced.
Heavy metals: 0.001%.
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NH4Cl Formula weight 53.49
Ammonium Chloride
DESCRIPTION
Ammonium Chloride occurs as colorless crystals or as a white, fine or coarse,
crystalline powder. It is somewhat hygroscopic. One gram dissolves in 2.6 mL of water at
25C, in 1.4 mL of boiling water, in about 100 mL of alcohol, and in about 8 mL of
glycerin. The pH of a 1:20 solution is between 4.5 and 6.0.
REQUIREMENTS
Identification: A 1:10 aqueous solution gives positive tests for Ammonium and for
Chloride.
Assay: Not less than 99.0% of NH4Cl after drying.
Lead: Not more than 4 mg/kg.
Loss on Drying: Not more than 0.5%.
